The Impact of the Medical Report on the Implementation of Hudud Punishments

Document Type : Original Article

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PhD student in the Department of Jurisprudence, College of Sharia Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University

Abstract

This research examines the impact of medical reports on the implementation of Islamic criminal penalties (Hudud) through a comparative jurisprudential approach. It aims to explore how an individual's physical or mental health—assessed by medical professionals—affects the legal process of carrying out punishments prescribed by Islamic law. The study investigates whether a medical report holds legal weight in Islamic jurisprudence and if it can justify delaying or cancelling the execution of Hudud due to temporary or permanent health incapacity. The paper reviews the opinions of the four major Islamic schools of thought regarding illness as a valid excuse that may prevent punishment. The research emphasizes the balance between justice and compassion, showing that Islamic law does not enforce penalties on individuals who are physically or mentally incapable of enduring them. It concludes that Sharia prioritizes human dignity and fairness, and that legal rulings must consider the individual's medical condition. The study also recommends enhancing cooperation between legal and medical institutions in criminal matters, ensuring that punishments are applied according to precise and humane Sharia-based standards

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